Electrolier



No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. J. M. ORPORD.

ELEGTROLIER.

.742. Patented June 25, 1889.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. M. ORPORD. ELEGTROLIER.

Patented June 25, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. ORFORD, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

ELECTROLIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,742, dated June 25, 1889.

Application filed February 20, 1889. Serial No. 300,556. (No model.)

To aZZ ZUhOTI'b it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. ORFORD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electroliers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and useful iinproi'em ents in electroliers, and is particularly intended for use with incandescent lamps.

Heretof ore in the lighting of stores and factories,where cheap fixtures are required,it has been usual to suspend the lamps by means of a flexible cord containing the flow and return wires; but this method is open to the obj ections that the weight of the lamp and shade upon the cord tends to stretch it, and thereby displace the insulation upon the conductors, and to the further objection that moisture and dirt, by working through the textile covering, frequently establish between the. wires a connection of high resistance, and thereby a short circuit, which sets fire to the cord and destroys the loop-circuit that feeds the lamp. In addition to these objections the cord is constantly exposed to abrasion or damage from one cause or another.

It is the object of my invention to provide an electrolier which shall be cheap enough to take the place of the cord, and which shall be so attached to the ceiling that it may swing freely within certain limits and thereby avoid the resilient vibration characteristic of a rigidly-secured fixture, which said vibration not only creates an apparent unsteadiness of the light, but also causes much breakage of lamp-filaments.

It is further the ob ject of in invention to fully protect the conducting-wires from abrasion or other injury, to so inclose the ceilingblock, connect-ions, fuses, &c., that they shall not be exposed to view nor accessible to dust, and so that in case of the blowing out of the fuse the melted metal may not fall down upon objects below the lamp, while at the same time the swing of the fixture is not materially interfered with.

lVith these ends in view my invention contached thereto; Fig. 3, a section through the canopy and cover-plate on the line a: at of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a detail elevation of the suspensionring for the hanger; Fig. 5, a View similar to Fig. 1, but showing a slightly-different method for retaining the canopy and plate in position; and Fig. 6, a section through the canopy, as shown at Fig. 5.

Like numerals denote the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.

1 is a ceiling-block adapted to be secured by screws or other fastenings at the point where a lamp is to be suspended. The main wires 2 pass through channels 3, cut in the face of this block, and the lamp-wires 9 are connected with the main wires by interposed fuses of any ordinary construction secured upon the face of the ceiling-block. The fuses are not shown.

5 is a hook whose shank 5- is squared to prevent rotation, and is secured centrally in a mortise in the block, and 6 is a tubular hanger having a ring 7 at its upper end. This ring extends over the top of the hanger from side to side, leaving ample space for the wires to pass down into the hanger. Upon the lower end of this hanger, which maybe of any suitable length, is secured the lamp 8. From the ends of the fuses the lamp-wires 9 extend downward inside the hanger and are connected to the lamp.

10 is ahemispherical canopy of sheet metal or porcelain, which may be secured to the ceiling-block by the engagement of small hooks 11 at its periphery with screws in the ceilinghlock, but which I prefer to support as hereinafter set forth. This canopy has a circular aperture of considerable diameter in its cening of. the bo t m o he c nopy, besides e f eluding d impar ing fini hed aptral lower side, as seen at Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, and

6, and 12 is a cover-plate, which is conformed to the contour of the canopy, and which lies contiguous thereto, the hanger passing through a small central opening in said plate.

In Figs.5 and 6 I have shown the coverplate as applied to the outside of the canopy,

. and said canopy is upheld against the block and the cover-plate against the canopy by a ring 13, which has a binder-screw 14, and which runs upon the hanger.

In the operation of my invention the entire weight of the lamp and hanger is supported by the hook atthe center of the ceiling-block, and therefore the lamp-wires are not subjected; to any tension whatever. They are, ur h m r perfec ly p vented y heir? passage through the hanger; from abrasion or. oth ini y Th enneetion. etween the ho e ing at t e en of the hang aa will be readily. observed, is such as to prevent the. hanger from being turned axially to any reat x t, n he p s lity of a sh rt circuit by the intertwisting of the lamp-wires is thereby effectually prevented.

As the. v np et s free ove relative he c n py, and s he a erture n the. bottom of the e e i o eons de able size, the an r Whie pas s through th ee e -p may sw ng f eely .1101 it bookand y joint, carrying the cover-plate with, it. The over-Pla e is ar e en u s e he a e ture in the bottom of thecanopy will belclosed y mean ther fi as again e ent ance e du d a he eeu py and p at o in me a or por e a n th y w l p e en e p- ClOS- s pearance of a solid hemisphere.

pearance to the ceiling-connection, serves to prevent the escape of any melted metal in the case of a fuse blowing out.

To examine or make repairs or changes upon the ceiling-block, the canopy, as shown on Sheet 1, may be disengaged from its screws and allowed to slide down upon the hanger, when the block is fully exposed. In the coni struction shown upon Sheet2 the same result is accomplished by loosening the binding screw in the ring. This last-named construction, while it shows the ring at the bottom of the canopy, does away with the necessity of the hooks upon the latter-and the screws upon the ceiling-block. For several reasons, principal among which is the fact that it is difficult to, form hooks or other simple fastenings upon a pOrcelain, canopy, I prefer. the means for upholding said canopy'and the cover-plate which appear upon the second sheet of the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN; care-en.

Witnesses:

S. H. HUBBARD,

M. O. HINOHCLIFEE. 

